![]() The change in pressure is the same as a pressure support or additional pressure given to help augment a person’s breath. ![]() The difference between the EPAP and IPAP is the delta pressure or change in pressure. IPAP is the high pressure NIV will cycle up to when the patient initiates a breath. EPAP settings are usually started from 4-8 cmH 20. This means that the distending pressures of EPAP can be lower than the minimum PEEP you must set. The normal pleural pressures that exist with spontaneously breathing patients are still present (see the discussion of lung pressures in Chapter 1). Where it differs from invasive ventilation is using an interface of a face mask instead of intubating and sealing the lungs to a ventilator. It is the distending pressure that helps recruit alveoli and help with oxygenation. If the patient does not require a lot of oxygen, starting at 0.50 and weaning within a few minutes to target SpO 2 >92% is ideal. If on high oxygen, start FiO 2 at 1.00 and then wean to SpO 2. FiO 2įiO 2 is mandatory to set and should be titrated based on what the patient needed before non-invasive application. These settings will be discussed in detail below. IPAP pressure (delta Pressure, similar to pressure support).Therefore, the settings to be set for NIV are: First, you will set the oxygen delivery (FiO 2), a distending pressure to help recruit alveoli (EPAP), and a high pressure to augment the patient’s normal breath (IPAP). The back-up setting is a basic RR (remember, this setting does not replace the patient spontaneously breathing). ![]() There are three main settings that need to be adjusted as well as one additional “back-up” setting. Initiating non-invasive ventilation is very similar to how you approach setting up PSV for a spontaneously breathing patient. Initiation and Titration of NIV/BiPAP Settings
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